Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles, marine mammals and sharks with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bycatch of other tuna, billfishes and sharks is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Albacore, North Atlantic: All areas, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Albacore, North Atlantic, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• There are potential risks to sea turtles, seabirds and marine mammals with this fishery, but management measures are in place.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes several species of tunas, sharks, billfish and other fish species, but management measures are in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Albacore, North Pacific: All areas, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Albacore, North Pacific, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds and sea turtles with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes tunas, sharks, billfish and other fish.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Albacore, South Pacific: All areas, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Albacore, South Pacific, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles, marine mammals and sharks with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bycatch of other tuna, billfishes and sharks is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Pacific Ocean tuna - longline (StarKist)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds and sea turtles with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes tunas, sharks, billfish and other fish.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Albacore, South Pacific: All areas, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Albacore, South Pacific, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• Bycatch includes at-risk Atlantic cod and flounders and long-finned pilot whales. Work to minimize bycatch is ongoing.
• Bottom trawls will impact the seafloor habitat.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Goosefish, United States, Northwest Atlantic Ocean, Bottom trawls

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact protected, endangered and threatened (PET) species. The risk to marine mammals of entanglement in lobster gear is considered low.
• Bycatch in this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

SAI Global, 2015, Bay of Fundy, Scotian Shelf and Southern Gulf of St Lawrence lobster (Homarus americanus) Trap Fisheries MSC Public Certification Report

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to ETP species with this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• There is a lack of information on bycatch in this fishery.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Yellow perch, Canada, Lake Erie, GIllnets, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sharks and rays with this fishery.
• Bycatch of hake is a risk with this fishery.
• Bottom trawls directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Argentina offshore red shrimp - bottom trawl

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to marine mammals with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but non-target species are retained. Management measures are in place to reduce impacts on retained species.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed. However, management measures are in place.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Atlantic cod, United States, Gulf of Maine, Bottom trawls

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to have direct impacts on ETP species.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but non-target species are retained. Management measures are in place to reduce impacts on retained species.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Atlantic cod, Iceland, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but non-target species are retained. Management measures are in place to reduce impacts on retained species.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Atlantic cod, Norway, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to protected, endangered and threatened (PET) species with this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• Bycatch in this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• The MSC certificate for this fishery was publicly suspended in March 2019 due to concerns regarding overfishing.

References

Good Fish Guide, Mackerel, Northeast Atlantic, Net (purse seine or ring), Net (pelagic trawl)

Marine Stewardship Council, MINSA North East Atlantic mackerel

Environmental Notes

• Salmon rely on wild capture fisheries for feed. Feed inputs are required to be responsibly sourced where possible.
• There is a high risk of escape and a lower risk of competitive and genetic impact on wild species.
• Antibiotics have not been administered on Faroese salmon farms for more than ten years, but pesticide use for the treatment of sea lice is substantial, with several different treatment types being used in recent years. Regarding seabed habitat impacts of settling particulate wastes, two-thirds of sites operated with minimal or minor pollution levels and one-third of sites were “polluted” or “very polluted.”

General Notes

The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.

References

Seafood Watch, Atlantic Salmon, Farmed, Aquaculture Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Atlantic surfclam, United States, Northwest Atlantic Ocean, Boat dredges, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
  
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.
  

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Black grouper, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Set longlines

Environmental Notes

• Bycatch of marine mammals and many other species occurs, but none of the species are considered depleted or experiencing overfishing.
• The trawl fishery impacts offshore habitats where black sea bass burrows in the winter, but there are some measures that help to reduce these effects.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Black sea bass, United States, Northwest Atlantic Ocean, Bottom trawls

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact PET species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Indonesian blue swimming crab - gillnet/trap

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Very low amounts of fishmeal and fish oil are used in the catfish feed, which is made primarily from agricultural crop-derived ingredients.
• Risks of escapes, competition with, and disease outbreaks to wild catfish are low.
• Environmental impacts from effulents and chemical use are minimal and well-regulated.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Channel Catfish, Farmed

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact PET species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

Caveat
The environmental notes for this fishery are based on a provisional assessment and are not derived from the FishSource profile.
References
Intertek Moody Marine, 2013, Alaska Salmon Fishery MSC Public Certification Report

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch levels are generally very low and mostly include other salmon species.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Keta salmon, Alaska, Net (purse seine or ring), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Seafood Watch, Chum salmon, United States (Alaska), Northeast Pacific Ocean, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low and non-target species are released alive.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat.

General Notes

References

SCS Global Services, 2015, MSC Public Certification Report for Iturup Pink & Chum Salmon Fisheries

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.
• Bottom trawls will impact the seabed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, United States (Alaska), Northwest Pacific Ocean, Northeast Pacific Ocean, Bottom trawls, Marine Stewardship Council Certified, BSAI and GOA flatfish

Environmental Notes

• Bycatch is considered low for this fishery.
  
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat.

General Notes

References

Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute, RFM Certification - Alaska Crab

Seafood Watch, Golden king crab, United States (Alaska), Bering Sea, Pots

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• This FIP entered MSC Full Assessment in March 2021.

References

Crab Catchers Association, Russian Far East Crab FIP

Marine Stewardship Council, Sea of Okhotsk crab trap

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to ETP species with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but non-target species are retained. Management measures are in place to reduce impacts on retained species.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. However, management measures are in place.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Haddock, United States, Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, Otter trawls, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low. There are a number of measures in place to mitigate impacts of the fishery on non-target species, juveniles, and habitats.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Haddock, Iceland, Bottom trawl (otter), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Good Fish Guide, Haddock, Iceland, Hook & line (longline), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Seafood Watch, Haddock, Iceland, Northeast Atlantic Ocean, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• There's very little data on what's caught, but it's likely to include other at-risk species of squid as well as corals, forage fish, turtles and sharks.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed.

General Notes

• Squid plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored.

References

Seafood Watch, Indian squid, India, Eastern Indian Ocean, Western Indian Ocean, Bottom trawls

Environmental Notes

• There is no information on the impact of this fishery on protected, endangered and threatened (PET) species.
• Information on bycatch is not available for this fishery.
• The midwater trawl fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed, however, the combined impacts from the multi-gear fishery are unknown.

General Notes

There is a lack of information on stock status and mortality rates for Japanese flying squid in Chinese waters.

References

Fishery Progress, East China Sea and Yellow Sea Japanese flying squid - trawl

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to have direct impacts on PET species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• Bycatch data is not yet available, but an observer program and management measures are in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Dolphinfish, Taiwan, Western Central Pacific Ocean, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• No feed inputs are used to support farmed mussels.
• The larval phase of mussels may be transported away from farm sites. The spread of non-native musels and unintentionally introduced species beyond their natural range may be a cause for concern.
• There is no concern regarding pollution from nutrients or organic matter. No feed or nutrient fertilization inputs are used to support farmed mussels, and water quality has been shown to improve at farmed mussel sites.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Chilean mussel

Seafood Watch, Mussels, Farmed

Environmental Notes

• There is potential for turtle interactions with this fishery, but turtle excluder devices (TEDs) are fitted to nets for protection.
• Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Audubon G.U.L.F., Mississippi Shrimp FIP

Seafood Watch, Brown shrimp, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Bottom trawls

Environmental Notes

• Whether caught by dredge or hand-harvesting, bycatch is very low in these clam fisheries.
  
• The use of hydraulic dredges is the major concern, as these have impacts on the seafloor, even when used in sandy habitat. The impacts of hand-held rakes, shovels, and picks are unlikely to be significant, but more information is needed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Northern quahog, Canada, Gulf of St. Lawrence (Southern), Hand implements

Environmental Notes

• Whether caught by dredge or hand-harvesting, bycatch is very low in these clam fisheries.
• The use of hydraulic dredges is the major concern, as these have impacts on the seafloor, even when used in sandy habitat. The impacts of hand-held rakes, shovels, and picks are unlikely to be significant, but more information is needed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Northern quahog, United States, Hand implements

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Red Snapper, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Vertical lines

Environmental Notes

• There is potential for turtle interactions with this fishery, but turtle excluder devices (TEDs) are fitted to nets for protection.
• Bycatch is a significant risk for this fishery.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• NOAA FSSI 4: The fishery is not overfished and overfishing is not occurring and the stock biomass is at or above 80% of the biomass that produces maximum sustainable yield.

References

Fishery Progress, Louisiana shrimp - otter/skimmer trawl FIP

Seafood Watch, White shrimp, United States, Gulf of Mexico, Bottom trawls

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds and marine mammals in this fishery, but there is a strategy in place to manage impacts.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes other fish, skates and sea birds, but there is a strategy in place to manage impacts.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• There is a well-developed strategy for managing impacts on bycatch, ETP species, habitats and the ecosystem.
• In the trawl fishery, there is remote likelihood of or no known incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals. Bycatch of seabirds is thought to be low. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed.
• In the longline fishery, there is occasional incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals in this fishery. Bycatch of seabirds is a risk. Longlines have low habitat impact.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Pacific cod, Bering Sea: Certified fleets only, Hook & line (longline), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Good Fish Guide, Pacific cod, Bering Sea: Certified fleets only, Bottom trawl (otter), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Seafood Watch, Pacific cod, United States (Alaska), Northwest & Northeast Pacific Ocean; Longlines, Pots, Bottom trawls; Marine Stewardship Council Certified BSAI and GOA Pacific cod

Environmental Notes

• There is a well-developed strategy in place for managing impacts on bycatch Endangered, Threatened and Protected (ETP) species. There is occasional incidental mortality and serious injury of marine mammals with the Stellar sea lion as the main marine mammal at risk.
• Bycatch of seabirds is considered low.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Pacific cod, Gulf of Alaska: Certified fleets only, Hook & line (longline), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Seafood Watch, Pacific cod, United States (Alaska), Northwest & Northeast Pacific Ocean; Longlines, Pots, Bottom trawls; Marine Stewardship Council Certified BSAI and GOA Pacific cod

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds with this fishery, but mitigation actions are underway.
• Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Pacific halibut, United States (Alaska), Northeast Pacific Ocean, Longlines, Marine Stewardship Council Certified

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Pangasius feed includes low levels of fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources. Feed inputs are not required to be responsibly sourced.
• As a native species, the risk to wild populations from escapes is low. Juveniles used in pangasius farming come from Vietnamese hatcheries and the trade of wild-caught broodstock is limited.
• Panagsius farming in Vietnam is linked to illegal disposal of waste into adjoining waterways with cumulative impacts that contribute to water pollution. However, certified farms are assumed to dispose of waste properly.

General Notes

• The government requires pangasius farms to be managed under a zonal approach.

References

Good Fish Guide, Basa, Asia, Vietnam, Mekong Delta

Ocean Wise, Catfish

Seafood Watch, Sutchi Catfish, Vietnam

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Snow crab, Russia, Northeast Atlantic Ocean, Pots, Marine Stewardship Council Certified Russia Barents Sea Opilio Trap

Environmental Notes

• There are potential risks to ETP species with this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Snow crab, Russia, Sea of Okhotsk, Pots

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to leather back turtles, several species of whales and wolfish with this fishery.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Snow crab, Canada, Northwest Atlantic Ocean, Pots, Marine Stewardship Council Certified Newfoundland & Labrador snow crab Fishery

Environmental Notes

• Trout have a high requirement for fish in their diet.
• Rainbow trout are not native to Chile but have become established in the wild due to intentional stocking. However, there are still concerns about the impact of farmed salmonid escapes and disease outbreaks on wild fish populations. Available data indicates that large numbers of farmed trout have escaped each year since the early 1990s.
• Production using open net cages and ponds results in the discharge of waste and nutrients directly into the surrounding water.

General Notes

• The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.

References

FishSource - salmon, Chile

Seafood Watch, Rainbow trout, Chile, Farmed

Environmental Notes

• Data on the feed ingredients and sources are limited. Typical feed conversion ratios (FCR) of 1.35 for trout in raceways and 1.50 for net pens are used. Average fishmeal and fish oil inclusion levels in trout feeds are estimated to be 20.0% and 6.3% respectively. Information regarding the sustainability of the fishery sources of marine ingredients is very limited.
• The risk of escapes from raceway systems in Colombia is considered low and net pen is considered moderate. Regulations in Colombia regarding interactions with wildlife at aquaculture facilities are minimal, and there is no clear enforcement. There is limited disease reporting in Colombia; raceways and net pens are open systems that have an inherent risk of disease transmission and amplification.
• There is a lack of data on water quality, use of chemicals and effluent monitoring. While chemical use appears to be low, the legal system doesn’t adequately manage its use. Due to the openness of the net pens, there is a greater risk of affecting non‐target organisms.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Farmed Rainbow Trout, Colombia

Environmental Notes

• Rainbow trout is fed a high energy diet with moderate amounts of fishmeal and fish oil (approximately 20% and 6%, respectively).
• Potential escapes pose no significant risk of additional ecological impacts.
• Regulatory oversight of effluent and chemical use in U.S. ponds and outdoor flowthrough raceways are strong, and the industry follows best practices to minimize disease.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Farmed Rainbow Trout, U.S.

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.
  
• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.
• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Red swamp crayfish, United States (Louisiana), Atchafalaya Basin, Traps

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles and sharks with this fishery.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes billfish, bony fish, other tuna species and sharks. Some management measures are in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• All purse seine fishing vessels are listed on the International Seafood Sustainability Foundation (ISSF)’s ProActive Vessel Register (PVR) and are audited against ISSF conservation measures.
  

References

Fishery Progress, Atlantic Ocean tuna - purse seine (Capsen & Grand Bleu S.A.)

Good Fish Guide, Skipjack tuna, East Atlantic, Net (purse seine on aggregating devices or free-schooling fish)

Seafood Watch, Skipjack tuna, Eastern Atlantic, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles with this fishery, but management measures are in place.
• Bycatch includes yellowtail, mahimahi, rainbow runner, silky and oceanic white tips sharks, and manta rays.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• This fishery was part of the Eastern Pacific Ocean tropical tuna - purse seine (TUNACONS) FIP, which entered MSC Full Assessment in October 2020 and received MSC certification in July 2022.

References

Fishery Progress, Eastern Pacific Ocean tropical tuna - purse seine (TUNACONS)

Good Fish Guide, Skipjack tuna, Eastern Pacific, Purse seine (FAD & Free School)

Seafood Watch Recommendations for Skipjack tuna, Eastern Central Pacific Ocean, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles with this fishery, but management measures are in place.
• Bycatch includes yellowtail, mahimahi, rainbow runner, silky and oceanic white tips sharks, and manta rays.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide - Tuna, skipjack, Purse seine (FAD & Free School), Eastern Pacific

Seafood Watch Recommendations for Skipjack tuna, Eastern Central Pacific Ocean, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles with this fishery.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes other tuna, fin fishes, sharks and rays. Management measures are in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Skipjack tuna, Indian Ocean, Net (purse seine on aggregating devices or free-schooling fish)

Seafood Watch, Skipjack tuna, Indian Ocean, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles, seabirds and marine mammals with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bycatch for this fishery includes other tuna, billfishes and sharks.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Skipjack tuna, Western and Central Pacific, Net (purse seine on aggregating devices or free-schooling fish)

Seafood Watch, Skipjack tuna, Western Central Pacific Ocean, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles, sharks, and marine mammals with this fishery, but management measures are in place.
• Bycatch includes other tuna, but management measures are in place.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Skipjack tuna, Western and Central Pacific, Net (purse seine on aggregating devices or free-schooling fish)

Seafood Watch, Skipjack tuna, Western Central Pacific Ocean, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is a risk to sharks and rays, but further studies are needed.
• The snapper and grouper fishery is multi-species, which several other species are caught: emperors, sweetlips, and jobfishes species. Bycatch species in the longline fisheries also include species like sharks, cobia and trevallies.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Indonesia snapper and grouper - bottom longline, dropline, trap, and gillnet (ADI)

Environmental Notes

• There is some interaction on endangered, threatened and protected species but this is generally very low, occurring in the gillnet fisheries.
• Bycatch levels are generally very low and mostly include other salmon species.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Red salmon, Alaska, Net (purse seine or ring), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)

Seafood Watch, Sockeye salmon, United States (Alaska), Northeast Pacific Ocean, Marine Stewardship Council Certified Alaska salmon Fishery

Environmental Notes

• ETP species, including fishes, seabirds and the South American sea lion, can be caught in very low proportions in the industrial fleet, as reported by the bycatch monitoring program.
• This fishery is part of a bycatch reduction program. The target species represents over 98% of the total catch proportion while bycatch species include jumbo flying squid, bigeye flounder and grenadier.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• This fishery can have a bycatch of highly vulnerable species such as other sharks, turtles, and seabirds. There are some uncertainties in the catch data, and monitoring and enforcement needs to be improved
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Swordfish, North Atlantic, Hook & line (longline)

Environmental Notes

• The catch of at-risk or overfished turtles, seabirds, tuna, sharks, and other species is a major concern. Management is rated ineffective overall.
• There are some measures to reduce bycatch impacts, but they don't follow best practices, and their effectiveness is unknown. This fishery catches species that play an essential role in the food web, and more robust measures may be needed to protect the ecosystem.
• Drifting longlines have minimal habitat impacts.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Swordfish, North East Pacific, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Swordfish, Eastern Central / Northeast Pacific Ocean, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• The catch of at-risk or overfished turtles, seabirds, tuna, sharks, and other species is a major concern. Management is rated ineffective overall.
• There are some measures to reduce bycatch impacts, but they don't follow best practices, and their effectiveness is unknown. This fishery catches species that play an essential role in the food web, and more robust measures may be needed to protect the ecosystem.
• Drifting longlines have minimal habitat impacts.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Swordfish, North East Pacific, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Swordfish, Eastern Central / Northeast Pacific Ocean, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• The catch of at-risk or overfished turtles, seabirds, tuna, sharks, and other species is a major concern. Management is rated ineffective overall.
• There are some measures to reduce bycatch impacts, but they don't follow best practices, and their effectiveness is unknown. This fishery catches species that play an essential role in the food web, and more robust measures may be needed to protect the ecosystem.
• Drifting longlines have minimal habitat impacts.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Swordfish, South Atlantic, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Swordfish, South Atlantic Ocean, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• The catch of at-risk or overfished turtles, seabirds, tuna, sharks, and other species is a major concern. Management is rated ineffective overall.
• There are some measures to reduce bycatch impacts, but they don't follow best practices, and their effectiveness is unknown. This fishery catches species that play an essential role in the food web, and more robust measures may be needed to protect the ecosystem.
• Drifting longlines have minimal habitat impacts.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Swordfish, South East Pacific, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Swordfish, Southeast Pacific Ocean, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea birds as well as green, hawksbill and leatherback sea turtles with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Common bycatch species in the longline fisheries include blue, shortfin mako, silky and oceanic whitetip sharks, opah, and blue, striped and black marlin, and bigeye and yellowfin tuna.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Vietnam swordfish - handline

Seafood Watch, Swordfish, Northwestern and Central Pacific Ocean, Handlines and hand-operated pole-and-lines

Environmental Notes

• Tilapia require relatively low inputs of fishmeal and fishoil from marine feed sources in their diet. However, there are significant concerns about the sustainability of feed inputs from domestic sources, which are produced from fisheries that are fully exploited overexploited, or depleted.
• There is little infomation available regarding impacts of Chinese tilapia production on wild species, includings impacts from escapes, disease outbreaks, and interactions with predators and other wildlife. Nile tilapia are considered highly invasive and there are documented examples of tilapia populations outcompeting local fish species for resources in Chinese waterways. Despite this, there is no information on tilapia escapes at a farm level. In addition, there is little information about on-farm diseases in Chinese tilapia production and disease outbreaks pose a risk to wild fish populations. There is no information regarding interactions with wildlife which may include migrating birds.
• Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. There is limited information regarding on-farm chemical use and the impact of effluent released by tilapia pond‐based farms in China. But there is evidence of the use of illegal chemicals and of antibiotics important to human health in Chinese tilapia production.

General Notes

Area-based approaches to aquaculture are included in the national and provincial legislation, but it is unclear whether zonal approaches to siting and production are used.

The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.

References

Good Fish Guide, Tilapia

FishSource, Tilapia, China

Ocean Wise, Tilapia

Seafood Watch, Farmed Tilapia, BAP Standard: Tilapia Farms (2, 3, 4-star)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to ETP species with this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• There is a lack of information on bycatch in this fishery.
• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

References

Ocean Wise, Walleye

Seafood Watch, Walleye, Canada, Lake Erie, Gillnets, Marine Stewardship Council Certified Lake Erie Multi-species Commercial Fishery

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

References

Ocean Wise, Walleye

Seafood Watch, Walleye, Canada, Waterhen Lake, Gillnets, Marine Stewardship Council Certified Waterhen Lake walleye and northern pike commercial gillnet fishery

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to ETP species with this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance.
• Profile not yet complete.

General Notes

• No additional notes

Environmental Notes

• Fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources are used. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced.
• Biosecurity measures minimise disease outbreaks and escapes.
• Chemical usage and effluent are monitored and limited.

General Notes

• The government has adopted a farm-based approach to aquaculture regulations and licensing.

References

FishSource - Shrimp, China

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 4*

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 2 and 3*

Seafood Watch, Whiteleg shrimp, Farmed, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified BAP Standard: Finfish and Crustacean Farms (2, 3, 4-star)

Environmental Notes

• Fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources are used. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced.
• Disease transfer between farmed and wild prawns is a concern but infrequent water exchange on whiteleg shrimp farms moderates the risk. Whiteleg shrimp are not native to India and there is potential for ecological impacts from escapes.
• Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. Waste discharge from whiteleg shrimp ponds is typically limited to once per production cycle.

General Notes

• The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.
• The aquaculture industry is currently managed under a farm-based approach.

References:

FishSource - shrimp, India

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 4*

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 2 and 3*

Seafood Watch, Whiteleg shrimp, Farmed, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified BAP Standard: Finfish and Crustacean Farms (2, 3, 4-star)

Environmental Notes

• Fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources are used. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced.
• Disease transfer between farmed and wild prawns is a concern but infrequent water exchange on whiteleg shrimp farms moderates the risk. Whiteleg shrimp are not native to Thailand and there is potential for ecological impacts from escapes.
• Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. Impacts on water quality vary depending on the frequency of waste discharge from ponds.

General Notes

• The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.
• Public information on zonal approaches to planning and production of shrimp farming in Thailand is limited.

References

FishSource - Shrimp, Thailand

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 4*

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 2 and 3*

Seafood Watch, Whiteleg shrimp, Farmed, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified BAP Standard: Finfish and Crustacean Farms (2, 3, 4-star)

Environmental Notes

• Fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources are used. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced.
• Disease outbreaks are uncommon in U.S. shrimp aquaculture and as such the need for chemical use is demonstrably low. Risk of escape is considered low-moderate. Juvenile shrimp for stocking are sourced exclusively from domestic hatcheries in the U.S.
• There is no concern regarding pollution from nutrients or organic matter.

General Notes

The government has adopted a farm-based approach to aquaculture regulations and licensing.

References

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 4*

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 2 and 3*

Seafood Watch, Whiteleg shrimp, Farmed, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified BAP Standard: Finfish and Crustacean Farms (2, 3, 4-star)

Environmental Notes

• Fishmeal and fishoil from marine feed sources are used. Certification criteria encourage the use of responsibly sourced marine products in feed.
• Disease transfer between farmed and wild prawns is a concern but infrequent water exchange on whiteleg shrimp farms moderates this risk. Whiteleg shrimp are not native to Vietnam and there is potential for ecological impacts from escapes.
• Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. Waste discharge from whiteleg shrimp ponds is typically limited to once per production cycle, moderating the impact of effluents on water quality. There is a lack of data on the quantity of chemical inputs, but evidence suggests that illegal antibiotics are sometimes used on Vietnamese shrimp farms.

General Notes

• The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.
• The aquaculture industry is currently managed under a farm-based approach.

References

FishSource - Shrimp, Vietnam

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 4*

Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP 2 and 3*

Seafood Watch, Whiteleg shrimp, Farmed, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified BAP Standard: Finfish and Crustacean Farms (2, 3, 4-star)

Environmental Notes

• Fishmeal and fishoil from marine feed sources are used.
• Disease transfer between farmed and wild prawns is a concern but infrequent water exchange on whiteleg shrimp farms moderates this risk. Whiteleg shrimp are not native to Vietnam and there is potential for ecological impacts from escapes.
• Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. Waste discharge from whiteleg shrimp ponds is typically limited to once per production cycle, moderating the impact of effluents on water quality. There is a lack of data on the quantity of chemical inputs, but evidence suggests that illegal antibiotics are sometimes used on Vietnamese shrimp farms. Environmental issues are mitigated by the certification standards.

General Notes

• The aquaculture industry is currently managed under a farm-based approach.

References:

FishSource - Shrimp, Vietnam

Good Fish Guide - King Prawn, Asia: India, Vietnam and Indonesia

Ocean Wise, ShrimpOcean Wise, Shrimp

Seafood Watch, Farmed Whiteleg shrimp, Vietnam

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species.
• Bycatch for this fishery is considered low.
• Bottom trawls will directly impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Seafood Watch, Yellowfin sole, United States (Alaska), Northwest / Northeast Pacific Ocean, Bottom trawls, Marine Stewardship Council Certified BSAI and GOA flatfish

Environmental Notes

• There is a risk to ETP species with this fishery. Longlines present a hazard to turtles, seabirds and sharks but these risks can be reduced through proper management of fishing gear.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but the scale of the issue is not established.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to sea turtles, sharks, and marine mammals with this fishery.
• Bycatch varies by gear type. There is a higher risk of bycatch in the associated purse seine fishery.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Yellowfin tuna, Atlantic, Net (purse seine on aggregating devices or free-schooling fish)

Fishery Progress, Atlantic Ocean tuna - purse seine (Capsen & Grand Bleu S.A.)

Seafood Watch, Yellowfin tuna, Eastern Atlantic, Floating object purse seine (FAD)

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to turtles, seabirds and sharks, but these risks can be reduced through proper management of fishing gear.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but the scale of the issue is not established.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Vietnam yellowfin tuna - longline/handline FIP

Environmental Notes

• There is a risk to ETP species with this fishery. Longlines present a hazard to turtles, seabirds and sharks, but these risks can be reduced through proper management of fishing gear.
• There is bycatch for this fishery but the scale of the issue is not established.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Good Fish Guide, Yellowfin tuna, Western and Central Pacific, Hook & line (longline)

Seafood Watch, Yellowfin tuna, Western Central Pacific Ocean, Drifting longlines

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact endangered, protected, and threatened (ETP) species.
• Bycatch is considered low for this fishery.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

References

Fishery Progress, Indonesia Western and Central Pacific Ocean yellowfin tuna - handline (AP2HI, IPNLF, MDPI)

Seafood Watch, Yellowfin tuna, Western Central Pacific Ocean, Handlines and hand-operated pole-and-lines

Environmental Notes

• There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles and marine mammals with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place.
• Bycatch is a risk for this fishery.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes.

Environmental Notes

• This fishery is unlikely to impact PET species.
• Bycatch is considered low for this fishery.
• This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed.

General Notes

• No additional notes.