Ocean Disclosure Project

The GIANT Company

Founded in 1923 in Carlisle, Pa., The GIANT Company is passionate about connecting families and creating healthier communities. As an omni-channel retailer, The GIANT Company proudly serves millions of neighbors across Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia. With more than 33,000 talented team members supporting nearly 190 stores, 132 pharmacies, 105 fuel stations, and over 125 online pickup hubs and grocery delivery service in hundreds of zip codes, The GIANT Company is changing the customer experience and creating an impact in local communities for a better future. The GIANT Food Stores family of brands includes GIANT, MARTIN'S, GIANT Heirloom Market, GIANT DIRECT and MARTIN’S DIRECT. GIANT Food Stores is a company of Ahold Delhaize USA. For more information, visit the GIANT or MARTIN’S websites.

www.giantfoodstores.com

www.martinsfoods.com

Number of Wild Fisheries Sources	Number of Fisheries Certified or in a FIP	Number of Fisheries Assessed as Low Risk by Nonprofit Science Partner	Number of Countries Where Farmed Seafood is Sourced	% of Farmed Seafood Sources Certified
Number of Wild Fisheries Sources 85	Number of Fisheries Certified or in a FIP 50	Number of Fisheries Assessed as Low Risk by Nonprofit Science Partner 35	Number of Countries Where Farmed Seafood is Sourced 13	% of Farmed Seafood Sources Certified 94%
Production Methods Used Midwater trawl Bottom trawl Dredge Purse seine Gillnets and entangling nets Hook and line Longlines Handlines and pole-lines Rake / hand gathered / hand netted Pots and traps Miscellaneous Farmed

Summary

This profile covers all own brand and national brand fresh, frozen, and canned wild-caught and farmed seafood sold by The GIANT Company in 2023. We are committed to sourcing only seafood from fisheries and farms that are well managed to ensure that fish populations remain healthy and that fishing and farming methods have a minimal environmental and social impact. The seafood we sell, whether it’s fresh, frozen, or canned, must meet important sustainability criteria. We work with the Gulf of Maine Research Institute (GMRI), a nonprofit third party, to help us maintain the credibility and transparency of our policy. For both wild-caught and farmed seafood, we will source a product if it has a certification benchmarked by the Global Sustainable Seafood Initiative (GSSI), or if it is from an active fishery or aquaculture improvement project. In cases where neither exists, we will only source a product if it is assessed as low risk by GMRI. Low risk sources are managed by competent authorities and have management plans in place that incorporate a science-based approach to ensure sustainability. We work closely with our suppliers to make sure we know where the seafood we sell comes from, and we require traceability to the source fishery or farm for every item we carry.

For more information on our seafood sourcing policy, please visit:

https://giantfoodstores.com/pages/sustainable-seafood

Associated Fisheries

Species and Location	Production Methods	Certification or Improvement Project	Sustainability Ratings
Species and Location Acadian redfish Sebastes fasciatus Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to have unacceptable impacts on ETP species. ETP species that may interact with the fishery include marine mammals, sea turtles and Atlantic sturgeon, but recorded interactions are low. This fishery does not pose a risk of serious harm to bycatch species. Major bycatch species include dogfish and skate, of which, thorny skate is overfished. There is a partial strategy in place to ensure the fishery does not hinder the recovery of thorny skate. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. However, management measures are in place. General Notes Reference SAI Global, 2016, MSC Assessment Final Report and Determination for US Acadian Redfish, Pollock and Haddock Otter Trawl Fishery.
Species and Location Alaska pollock Theragra chalcogramma Aleutian Islands Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species. Bycatch for this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed, but occasional impacts may occur. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored.
Species and Location Albacore Thunnus alalunga Indian Ocean Fishery countries: Taiwan	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles, marine mammals and sharks with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch of other tuna, billfishes and sharks is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Indian Ocean albacore tuna - longline (Bumble Bee/FCF)
Species and Location Albacore Thunnus alalunga North Atlantic Fishery countries: Panama	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles, marine mammals and sharks with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch of other tuna, billfishes and sharks is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Indian Ocean albacore tuna - longline (Bumble Bee/FCF)
Species and Location Albacore Thunnus alalunga North Pacific Fishery countries: China	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are specific management measures in place for mitigation of ETP-species bycatch, including sea turtles. Bycatch of other tuna, billfishes and sharks is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes The Kiribati albacore, bigeye and yellowfin tuna longline fishery has been suspended from the 31st of August 2023. This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Albacore Thunnus alalunga North Pacific Fishery countries: Japan	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles, marine mammals and sharks with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch of other tuna, billfishes and sharks is a risk for this fishery,but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Albacore Thunnus alalunga South Atlantic Fishery countries: Taiwan	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Albacore Thunnus alalunga South Pacific - WCPFC Fishery countries: Samoa	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to several species of sea turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch for this fishery includes several species of tunas, sharks, billfish, and other fish. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location American angler Lophius americanus US North Atlantic North Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species. Bycatch for this fishery is considered low, many species are retained. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location American cupped oyster Crassostrea virginica Virginia Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Dredge	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location American lobster Homarus americanus Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank - US Gulf of Maine Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes The largest risk to ETP species posed by this fishery is to the critically endangered Right whale. The Gulf of Maine Lobster fishery's MSC certification was withdrawn due to this issue. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute. References Marine Stewardship Council, Gulf of Maine lobster fishery
Species and Location American lobster Homarus americanus Gulf of St. Lawrence South Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes Profile not yet complete.
Species and Location American sea scallop Placopecten magellanicus US Atlantic - Mid-Atlantic Bight Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Dredge	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species. This fishery is unlikely to have significant impacts on bycatch species. Dredges will directly impact the sea bed, but the fishery is considered highly unlikely to reduce habitat structure and function to a point where there would be serious or irreversible harm. General Notes References Marine Stewardship Council, US Atlantic sea scallop
Species and Location Anchoveta Engraulis ringens Peruvian Northern-Central Industrial Fishery countries: Peru	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery interacts with ETP species including sea turtles, seabirds and marine mammals. Bycatch for this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web, so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored. This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic butterfish Peprilus triacanthus Western Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic cod Gadus morhua Georges Bank - E Georges Bank Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are potential risks to ETP species with this fishery, but mitigation actions are underway. There is significant bycatch in this fishery but non-target species are retained. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic cod Gadus morhua Icelandic Fishery countries: Iceland	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to have direct impacts on ETP species. There is bycatch for this fishery but non-target species are retained. Management measures are in place to reduce impacts on retained species. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus N&S American Atlantic Coast Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Gillnets and entangling nets	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus Norway Fishery countries: Norway	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic herring Clupea harengus Baltic Sea Central Fishery countries: Poland	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic herring Clupea harengus Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Seine nets	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to marine mammals and sea turtles with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch is a risk for this fishery but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic herring Clupea harengus Icelandic summer-spawning Fishery countries: Iceland	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes The available data on the impacts of fishing on the ETP species in Iceland is scarce. There are management measures in place for whales and seals. Bycatch in this fishery is considered low. There are management measures in place to prevent bycatch of juvenile herring and other species. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Atlantic herring Clupea harengus North Sea Autumn spawners Fishery countries: Norway	Production Methods Seine nets	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species. Bycatch for this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored. References Marine Stewardship Council, Norway North Sea herring
Species and Location Atlantic herring Clupea harengus North Sea Autumn spawners Fishery countries: Sweden	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus NE Atlantic Fishery countries: United Kingdom	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is no evidence that ETP species have been affected by this fishery. Bycatch in this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus NE Atlantic Fishery countries: Iceland	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is no evidence that ETP species have been affected by this fishery. Bycatch in this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus NE Atlantic Fishery countries: Norway	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is no evidence that ETP species have been affected by this fishery. Bycatch in this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus NW Atlantic Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Gillnets and entangling nets	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Canada Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Salmon rely on wild capture fisheries for feed. Marine ingredients (herring, menhaden, anchovy) are sourced from fisheries that currently have no serious conservation concerns. There is an ongoing risk of impact that fish escaping from Canadian-sited farms may have on their wild counterparts (as evidenced by the higher numbers of escapees in Canadian rivers). The use of antibiotics was markedly high. The limited availability of registered pesticide therapeutants for the control of sea lice has resulted, at least twice, in the development of resistance to the few products permitted. There is potential for larger-scale, cumulative ecological impacts from effluents. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Atlantic Salmon, Farmed, Canada
Species and Location Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Chile Fishery countries: Chile	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Salmon rely on wild capture fisheries for feed. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced. There are concerns about the impact of farmed salmon escapes and disease outbreaks on wild salmonids. Overall, the Chilean industry continues to struggle with the control of bacterial diseases and sea lice parasites as indicated by the very high levels of treatment. Direct impacts on water quality at the site are unlikely, but there is potential for cumulative impacts in densely farmed areas. The use of antibiotic and pesticides in Chile is high; studies on impact are limited. General Notes A zonal management approach has been adopted based on licenses (concessions); groups of licenses - Aquaculture Management Areas (AMAs); emergency disease zones - Macro Zones; and Areas Autorizadas para el ejercicio de la Acuicultura - Appropriate Areas for Aquaculture (AAA). References FishSource, Salmon - Chile Good Fish Guide, Atlantic salmon, Chile Seafood Watch, Farmed Atlantic Salmon, Chile
Species and Location Bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus Western and Central Pacific Fishery countries: Samoa	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There conservation and management measures in place to report detailed data and also to observe good handling practices on board when interacting with protected species. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Black seabass Centropristis striata NW Atlantic northern stock Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Hook and line	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Blue catfish Ictalurus furcatus US East Coast Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Gillnets and entangling nets	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Blue catfish is caught in a mix of fisheries using a variety of gears that have low impacts on the Chesapeake Bay’s bottom habitat. Other species of concern are reportedly caught with blue catch fish. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute. References Seafood Watch, Blue catfish, United States, Chesapeake Bay, Set gillnets
Species and Location Blue crab Callinectes sapidus Chesapeake Bay Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Blue crab Callinectes sapidus Venezuela Fishery countries: Venezuela	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Blue mussel Mytilus edulis Canada Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes No feed inputs are used to support farmed mussels. The larval phase of mussels may be transported away from farm sites. The spread of non-native musels and unintentionally introduced species beyond their natural range may be a cause for concern. There is no concern regarding pollution from nutrients or organic matter. No feed or nutrient fertilization inputs are used to support farmed mussels, and water quality has been shown to improve at farmed mussel sites. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Farmed Mussels, Worldwide, Best Aquaculture Practices Certified BAP Mussel Standard
Species and Location Blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus Java Sea Fishery countries: Indonesia	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is limited information regarding the impacts on ETP species. Collapsible traps are considered the most size-selective gear for BSC; however, selectivity against bycatch species in practice is not consistently high. Survival of non-retained species is higher in the trap fishery than the gillnet fishery, as bycatch is discarded on site. Serious impacts to benthic habitat are considered unlikely; however, there is some fishing effort reported in areas of mangroves, where impacts are not well documented. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Indonesian blue swimming crab - gillnet/trap
Species and Location Bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix W North Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Hook and line	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to marine mammals with this fishery. There is bycatch for this fishery, but the scale of the issue is not established. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus United States Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Very low amounts of fishmeal and fish oil are used in the catfish feed, which is made primarily from agricultural crop-derived ingredients. Risks of escapes, competition with, and disease outbreaks to wild catfish are low. Environmental impacts from effulents and chemical use are minimal and well-regulated. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Channel Catfish, Farmed
Species and Location Coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch Chile Fishery countries: Chile	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Fishmeal and fish oil in Chilean salmon feeds continue to be replaced by high levels of crop protein or oil ingredients, and also with by-products from land-animal processing. Data provided by major feed companies supplying Chilean farms and by Intesal show the feed conversion ratio (dry weight of feed to wet weight of fish) is 1.2 for coho salmon. From first principles, 1.56 MT of wild fish would need to be caught to produce 1 metric ton of farmed coho salmon. Large escape events continue to occur in Chile, although at a reducing frequency. Coho salmon show greater evidence of reproduction and establishment in Chile, and escaped fish have been shown to predate on wild fish. The open nature of net pen production systems leaves fish inherently vulnerable to infection. Overall, the Chilean industry continues to struggle with the control of bacterial diseases and sea lice parasites as indicated by the very high levels of treatment. Frequent treatment with antibiotics that are highly important for human medicine (and critically important to veterinary medicine) is not prudent, judicious, or justified when the risks are considered. Academic studies of soluble nutrients across all salmon farming regions indicate direct impacts at the site are unlikely, but the potential for cumulative impacts remains a moderate concern. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Farmed Coho Salmon, Chile
Species and Location European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus NW Africa Fishery countries: Morocco	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Bycatch of marine mammals and sharks may occur but purse seine gear has not been linked to significant bycatch of these ETP species. More information is needed to fully assess the threat to ETP species. Management measures are in place to limit bycatch by fisheries operating in Morocco. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored. References Fishery Progress - Morocco anchovy - purse seine Good Fish Guide - European anchovy, Northwest Africa: Zone North, A and B: All areas, FAO 34: Atlantic, Eastern Central, Net (purse seine or ring)
Species and Location European pilchard Sardina pilchardus NW Africa central Fishery countries: Morocco	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Pelagic fisheries that exploit schooling fish are generally very selective in terms of species and have little to no impact on benthic habitats, as nets do not tend to make contact with the seafloor. Interactions with protected species is poorly documented but recent research suggests low levels. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored. This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute. References Good Fish Guide, Sardine, Northwest Africa: Zone A and B (Central), Net (pelagic trawl; purse seine)
Species and Location European pilchard Sardina pilchardus NW Africa southern Fishery countries: Poland	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Pelagic fisheries that exploit schooling fish are generally very selective in terms of species and have little to no impact on benthic habitats, as nets do not tend to make contact with the seafloor. Interactions with protected species is poorly documented in Morocco and Mauritanian but recent research suggests low levels in Morocco. Further investigation is needed in Mauritanian small pelagic fisheries. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored. This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute. References Good Fish Guide, Sardine, Northwest Africa: Zone C (Southern), Net (pelagic trawl; purse seine)
Species and Location European sprat Sprattus sprattus Baltic Sea Fishery countries: Poland, Sweden	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to have direct impacts on ETP species, but available data is still limited. The main bycatch species, Baltic herring, is well managed. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fish plays an important role in the marine food web and so potential impacts on the wider marine ecosystem must be monitored.
Species and Location Haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus Barents Sea Fishery countries: Iceland	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes The Barents Sea hosts various ETP species, including marine mammals, fish, and seabirds. Key species such as the golden redfish and harbour porpoise face significant threats due to bycatch and fishing gear interactions. Bycatch is considered low for this fishery. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. An MSC condition is in place to better understand fishery interactions with sensitive habitats. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Hard clams nei Meretrix spp. United States Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes External feed is not provided to farmed clams. There is little evidence available to support negative effects of escaped clams on ecosystems or wild populations. Effluent may be released from the hatchery or nursery phases, but this is not considered to have any negative effects on the environment, and filter-feeding of clams during grow-out is often cited as improving water quality and/or nutrient cycling in the vicinity near farms. No chemicals are known to be used during the grow-out phase of clam culture in North America. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Clams, Farmed
Species and Location Jonah crab Cancer borealis US Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute. This fishery was in the Jonah Crab FIP from 2014-2017. References Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Jonah Crab Fishery Improvement Project
Species and Location Longfin squid Doryteuthis pealeii NW Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to marine mammals, sharks, and rays with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. There is some risk of bycatch by bottom trawl gear. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Mahi-mahi Coryphaena hippurus Eastern Pacific Ocean Fishery countries: Peru	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to turtles and seabirds with this fishery, but mitigation measures are in place. Bycatch for this fishery includes sharks, rays, sunfish, opah, swordfish, and yellowfin tuna. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Peru mahi-mahi - longline (WWF)
Species and Location Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus Honduras Fishery countries: Honduras	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes All fishmeal and fish oil is sourced from by-products. Although the possibility for escape is considered high, the invasiveness factor is considered low given the prior establishment of the species. There is no current data or evidence indicating that tilapia cultured by Regal Springs, Honduras at their floating cage culture sites in Lake Yojoa and Lake Cajon are causing population declines in wild fish through the amplification and retransmission of pathogens or parasites. There is evidence that tilapia cage culture operations in Lake Yojoa and Lake Cajon attract or interact with predators or other wildlife, but the concern for wildlife and predator mortalities due to these operations is low. There are moderate impacts from effluents beyond the farm boundaries. The government management system addresses the effluent water quality; however, there have been records of eutrophication and harmful phytoplankton blooms, which indicate that monitoring measures are not effective. General Notes Area-based approaches to aquaculture are included in the national and provincial legislation, but it is unclear whether zonal approaches to siting and production are used. The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification. References Good Fish Guide, Tilapia (Farmed), Global, ASC Seafood Watch, Tilapia, Worldwide, Aquaculture Stewardship Council Certified
Species and Location North Pacific hake Merluccius productus NE Pacific Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Midwater trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes The main ETP interaction in this fishery is with endangered fish species, such as Chinook salmon, and birds, such as short-tailed, black-footed, and Laysan albatrosses. There were no new incidents of marine mammal or bird interactions in 2022. Bycatch in this fishery is considered low. Bycatch management mainly is conducted through quota controls. The mid-water trawl gear used in this fishery touches the bottom infrequently, and as such impacts to benthic habitat are considered minimal. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Northern brown shrimp Penaeus aztecus NW Atlantic - US Federal Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is potential for turtle interactions with this fishery, but excluder devices are fitted to nets for protection. Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. However, management measures are in place. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Northern prawn Pandalus borealis Western Greenland - Canada Division 0A Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Ocean quahog Arctica islandica US Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Dredge	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Orange roughy Hoplostethus atlanticus East and South Rise Fishery countries: New Zealand	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery interacts with sharks and sea birds, but mitigation measures are in place. The risks of serious or irreversible harm to bycatch species identified are ‘low to moderate’. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus Eastern Bering Sea Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to seabirds and marine mammals with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch for this fishery includes other fish, skates and sea birds, but there is insufficient data available to assess significance. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus Hecate Strait Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. Profile is not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Pacific cupped oyster Magallana gigas China Fishery countries: China	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in an AIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes No feed inputs are used to support farmed oysters. The larval phase of oysters may be transported away from farm sites. The spread of non-native oysters and unintentionally introduced species beyond their natural range may be a cause for concern. There is no concern regarding pollution from nutrients or organic matter. No feed or chemical inputs are used to support farmed oysters. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute. References Seafood Watch, Oysters, Farmed
Species and Location Pacific cupped oyster Magallana gigas Korea Fishery countries: South Korea	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes No feed inputs are used to support farmed oysters. The larval phase of oysters may be transported away from farm sites. The spread of non-native oysters and unintentionally introduced species beyond their natural range may be a cause for concern. There is no concern regarding pollution from nutrients or organic matter. No feed or chemical inputs are used to support farmed oysters. General Notes References Seafood Watch report for farmed oysters, Worldwide
Species and Location Pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha Alaska - Southeast Alaska Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Purse seine Gillnets and entangling nets	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is some interaction with endangered, threatened and protected (ETP) species but this is generally very low, occurring in the gillnet fisheries. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat. General Notes References Good Fish Guide, Pink salmon, Alaska, Net (purse seine or ring), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) Good Fish Guide, Pink salmon, Alaska, Net (gill or fixed; beach seine), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)
Species and Location Queen crab Chionoecetes opilio Eastern Bering Sea Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Needs Improvement FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Queen crab Chionoecetes opilio NW Atlantic - S Gulf of St. Lawrence Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes ETP species potentially impacted by this fishery include several species of wolfish, leatherback turtles, and most urgently, endangered North Atlantic right whales. The snow crab fishery is considered to be low impact with regard to bycatch of other species; however, availability of published quantitative bycatch statistics is limited. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Canada Gulf of St. Lawrence snow crab - pot/trap Marine Stewardship Council, MSC certificate suspended for Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence snow crab fishery
Species and Location Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Colombia Fishery countries: Colombia	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Data on the feed ingredients and sources are limited. Typical feed conversion ratios (FCR) of 1.35 for trout in raceways and 1.50 for net pens are used. Average fishmeal and fish oil inclusion levels in trout feeds are estimated to be 20.0% and 6.3% respectively. Information regarding the sustainability of the fishery sources of marine ingredients is very limited. The risk of escapes from raceway systems in Colombia is considered low and net pen is considered moderate. Regulations in Colombia regarding interactions with wildlife at aquaculture facilities are minimal, and there is no clear enforcement. There is limited disease reporting in Colombia; raceways and net pens are open systems that have an inherent risk of disease transmission and amplification. There is a lack of data on water quality, use of chemicals and effluent monitoring. While chemical use appears to be low, the legal system doesn’t adequately manage its use. Due to the openness of the net pens, there is a greater risk of affecting non&dash;target organisms. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Farmed Rainbow Trout, Colombia
Species and Location Rainbow trout Onchorynchus mykiss Peru Fishery countries: Peru	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources are used. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced. Profile not yet complete. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Farmed Rainbow Trout, Worldwide
Species and Location Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss Turkey Fishery countries: Turkey	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification.
Species and Location Red porgy Pagrus pagrus NW Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Hook and line	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Saithe Pollachius virens Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Silver hake Merluccius bilinearis US Atlantic coast northern Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis Eastern Pacific Ocean Fishery countries: Ecuador	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to sharks and blue marlin with this fishery. Bycatch includes swordfish, mahi-mahi, albacore tuna, sailfish, striped marlin, yellowfin tuna and bigeye tuna. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis Indian Ocean - IOTC Fishery countries: Seychelles	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to sea turtles with this fishery. Bycatch for this fishery includes other tuna, fin fishes, sharks and rays. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: American Samoa	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to sea turtles, sharks, and marine mammals with this fishery, but management measures are in place. Bycatch includes other tuna, but management measures are in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: Kiribati, Micronesia, Taiwan	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Management measures are in place for ETP species interactions. Main bycatch species (bigeye and yellowfin) are regularly assessed and managed following scientific advice. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: Micronesia	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are measures on non-entangling FADs to reduce the risk of entanglement of sharks, turtles or any other species specific for purse seine fleet. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Western and Central Pacific Ocean tuna - purse seine (Dongwon Industries)
Species and Location Sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka Alaska - Southeast Alaska Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Purse seine Gillnets and entangling nets	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species. Bycatch for this fishery is considered low. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the benthic habitat. General Notes References Intertek Moody Marine, 2013, MSC Public Certification Report for the Alaska Salmon Fishery
Species and Location Spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus Costa Rica Fishery countries: Costa Rica	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Striped bass Morone saxatilis Mexico Fishery countries: Mexico	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Moderate habitat impacts are limited to the immediate farming areas, and they can be recovered quickly. Potential cumulative impacts aren't comprehensively regulated, but the scale of striped bass production is currently small. The feed's marine-based ingredients are sourced from fisheries with good sustainability, and it takes less than one ton (0.63) of wild fish to produce one ton of striped bass. Striped bass is a non-native species in Mexico, and although no escapes have been reported, the open design of net pens means there's a high risk. There could be some short-term, localized impacts if a large number escaped, but it's unlikely striped bass could become established. General Notes References Seafood Watch, Striped bass, Mexico, Eastern Central Pacific Ocean, Marine net pen
Species and Location Striped bass Morone saxatilis US Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Hook and line	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus Northwest Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species. Bycatch is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Swordfish Xiphias gladius North Atlantic Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes No additional notes.
Species and Location Swordfish Xiphias gladius Northeast Pacific Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery interacts with several ETP species, including seabirds, sea turtles and marine mammals. Bycatch with many of these species has been documented. This fishery is unlikely to interact with the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Tilapias nei Oreochromis spp. China Fishery countries: China	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Tilapia require relatively low inputs of fishmeal and fishoil from marine feed sources in their diet. However, there are significant concerns about the sustainability of feed inputs from domestic sources, which are produced from fisheries that are fully exploited overexploited, or depleted. There is little infomation available regarding impacts of Chinese tilapia production on wild species, includings impacts from escapes, disease outbreaks, and interactions with predators and other wildlife. Nile tilapia are considered highly invasive and there are documented examples of tilapia populations outcompeting local fish species for resources in Chinese waterways. Despite this, there is no information on tilapia escapes at a farm level. In addition, there is little information about on-farm diseases in Chinese tilapia production and disease outbreaks pose a risk to wild fish populations. There is no information regarding interactions with wildlife which may include migrating birds. Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. There is limited information regarding on-farm chemical use and the impact of effluent released by tilapia pond&dash;based farms in China. But there is evidence of the use of illegal chemicals and of antibiotics important to human health in Chinese tilapia production. General Notes Area-based approaches to aquaculture are included in the national and provincial legislation, but it is unclear whether zonal approaches to siting and production are used. The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification. References FishSource - Tilapia, China Seafood Watch, Tilapia, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified BAP 2, 3, 4-star
Species and Location Warty swimming crab Portunus haanii China Fishery countries: China	Production Methods Pots and traps	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes References Fishery Progress, China Fujian Zhangzhou red swimming crab - bottom trawl & pot/trap
Species and Location Whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei India Fishery countries: India	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Fishmeal and fish oil from marine feed sources are used. At least 50% of the feed used in certified production is required to be responsibly or sustainably sourced. Disease transfer between farmed and wild prawns is a concern but infrequent water exchange on whiteleg shrimp farms moderates the risk. Whiteleg shrimp are not native to India and there is potential for ecological impacts from escapes. Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. Waste discharge from whiteleg shrimp ponds is typically limited to once per production cycle. General Notes The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification. The aquaculture industry is currently managed under a farm-based approach. References FishSource - Shrimp, India Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP certification (4) Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP certification (2 and 3) Seafood Watch, Farmed Whiteleg Shrimp, Global Aquaculture Alliance Certified, BAP Standard: Finfish and Crustacean Farms (2, 3, 4-star)
Species and Location Whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei Vietnam Fishery countries: Vietnam	Production Methods Farmed	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Fishmeal and fishoil from marine feed sources are used. Certification criteria encourage the use of responsibly sourced marine products in feed. Disease transfer between farmed and wild prawns is a concern but infrequent water exchange on whiteleg shrimp farms moderates this risk. Whiteleg shrimp are not native to Vietnam and there is potential for ecological impacts from escapes. Pollution from nutrients and organic matter, as well as chemical inputs, may affect local water quality. Waste discharge from whiteleg shrimp ponds is typically limited to once per production cycle, moderating the impact of effluents on water quality. There is a lack of data on the quantity of chemical inputs, but evidence suggests that illegal antibiotics are sometimes used on Vietnamese shrimp farms. General Notes The environmental impacts described are addressed to some degree by certification. The aquaculture industry is currently managed under a farm-based approach References Good Fish Guide - Prawn, King (whiteleg), prawns, Global, GAA BAP (4*) FishSource - Shrimp, Vietnam
Species and Location White hake Urophycis tenuis Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings Sustainability not rated
Environmental Notes Profile not yet complete. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Atlantic - ICCAT Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Not certified or in a FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to seabirds, sea turtles and marine mammals with this fishery. Bycatch is a risk for this fishery but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes This fishery is assessed as low risk by our nonprofit science partner, Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Eastern Pacific Ocean Fishery countries: South Korea	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to seabirds and sea turtles with this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. Bycatch is a risk for this fishery. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Eastern Pacific Ocean Fishery countries: United States	Production Methods Purse seine FAD-free (unassociated) purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are risks to sharks, rays, and sea turtles with purse seine gear. But certified fleets have implemented additional mitigation measures to reduce impacts on ETP species. Further information is needed to understand the relative contribution of the fishery to ETP species mortality. Bycatch is a risk in purse seine fisheries. FAD-free (unassociated) purse seine gear result in less bycatch than associated fisheries. Bycatch for this fishery includes other tuna, billfishes and sharks. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References SCS Global, July 2022, Eastern Pacific Ocean tropical tuna - purse seine (TUNACONS) fishery, MSC Fishery Assessment Report, Public Certification Report
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: Cook Islands	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There are management measures for handling ETP species, including protected sharks, marine turtles, sea birds, marine mammals. Bycatch, including billfish, other tuna species, and sharks, is a risk for this fishery, but there are mitigation measures in place. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Pacific Ocean tuna - longline (StarKist)
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: Indonesia	Production Methods Handlines and pole-lines	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes This fishery is unlikely to impact ETP species. Bycatch is considered low for this fishery. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Indonesia Western and Central Pacific Ocean yellowfin tuna - handline (AP2HI, IPNLF, MDPI)
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: Kiribati	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is a risk to ETP species with this fishery. Bycatch for this fishery includes billfish and other tuna species, and sharks. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Western and Central Pacific Ocean tuna - purse seine (Dongwon Industries)
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Western and Central Pacific Ocean - WCPFC Fishery countries: Micronesia, Solomon Islands, Taiwan	Production Methods Purse seine	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is a risk to ETP species with this fishery. Bycatch for this fishery includes billfish and other tuna species, and sharks. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes
Species and Location Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Western and Central Pacific Ocean Fishery countries: Vietnam	Production Methods Longlines	Certification or Improvement Project FIP	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes There is a risk to ETP species with this fishery. Longlines present a hazard to turtles, seabirds and sharks, but these risks can be reduced through proper management of fishing gear. There is bycatch for this fishery but the scale of the issue is not established. This fishery is unlikely to have a significant impact on the sea bed. General Notes References Fishery Progress, Vietnam yellowfin tuna - handline
Species and Location Yellowtail flounder Limanda ferruginea Newfoundland Grand Banks Fishery countries: Canada	Production Methods Bottom trawl	Certification or Improvement Project Certified	Sustainability Ratings FishSource Well Managed FishSource Well Managed Managed Needs Improvement
Environmental Notes Effects of this fishery on ETP species have not been reported. A number of sharks, rays and skates are classified as at risk on the IUCN Red List for the Northwest Atlantic. Some management measures for sharks are in place. Bycatch for this fishery includes cod and American plaice. Bottom trawls will directly impact the sea bed. General Notes No additional notes